Blogs

ICAI CA Final Exams Now Thrice a Year: What Aspirants Need to Know ICAI Important Announcement: CA Final Exams To Be Held Three Times a Year In a big announcement, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has decided to introduce a significant change in the pattern of the CA Final examination. From 2025, candidates can appear for the CA Final exams three times a year, instead of the earlier biannual schedule in May and November. ICAI important announcement states that the new time slots for attempts will be in January, May, and September. This move is in line with international best practices and is intended to give more flexibility and opportunities to Chartered Accountancy students. Let’s see the effect of this change, the advantages, disadvantages, and what it implies for future CAs.  “For the official announcement and detailed press release by ICAI, click here” Why Did ICAI Make This Change? ICAI’s move to allow more attempts at CA Final Exams is a strategic step to improve the CA qualification system. The major reasons are: Global Alignment: Many global accounting institutes hold their examinations several times a year, and ICAI is also taking the same route now. Lesser Stress for Students: The half-year waiting time between attempts usually puts the students under stress. This move lessens that pressure. Greater Opportunity to Pass: Now, the students have three chances within a year to clear the exam, with which they can finish their CA studies quickly. Improved Career Advancement: Frequent exams ensure that students who fail an attempt don’t have to wait for six more months to advance their careers. 6 Highlights Of The New CA Final Exam Schedule The following are the key points about the new exam schedule: Effective From: 2025 and onwards New Exam Months: January, May, and September Current Schedule: Until 2024, CA Final exams will be held in May and November Eligibility Criteria: No alterations; students would still have to do their 2-year articleship and clear CA Intermediate in both groups. Implementation Details Unknown: ICAI has not clarified from which exact attempt this rule will be made effective and in what manner it will be executed. Syllabus Changes Not Known: Whether the syllabus will also be changed along with this alteration has not yet been made clear. This change is anticipated to make the CA course student-centric while upholding its tough standards. Benefits Of CA Final Exams Conducted Three Times a Year This amendment entails various benefits to CA aspirants. Let’s discuss the prime benefits: 1. Greater Chance To Clear The Exam Previously, students were allowed to appear for the CA Final exam only twice a year. With three chances now in a year, failing students can attempt again earlier as the overall period spent on the qualification process shortens. 2. Shorter Waiting Time Between Attempts Earlier, if a student failed in May, they had to wait until November. Today, the waiting period is cut short to four months, enabling students to remain motivated and engaged. 3. Quick Career Advancement With another window for the exam, students can join the job market or begin their own CA practice earlier rather than waiting for six months. 4. Less Pressure & Stress One of the most worrying things among CA students is the pressure to clear CA Final exams in just 2 attempts (i.e., May & November). Due to frequent exams, the students can remain calm and manage their attempts well. 5. Better Success Rate Because now the students get more opportunities to clear the CA Final Exam in less time, the success rate overall could increase in the future. Potential Challenges & Concerns While the move is great, there are some challenges as well that the students may face: 1. Increased Pressure For Preparation Additional exams mean the students need to be prepared around the clock. Previously, they used to get six months in between attempts, but now they have only four months for preparation. 2. Financial Burden Will Be More Every attempt needs exam fees, coaching fees, and study materials. Students making repeated attempts could spend more. 3. Juggling Articleship With More Frequent Exams A majority of students are unable to conduct articleship training and exam prep concurrently. Exams are increasingly frequent, making it potentially an issue to perform both. 4. Difficulty Level Of Exams ICAI could have the same level of difficulty or a higher one given that students currently have additional chances. This can affect the total pass percentage. 5. Ambiguity Regarding Implementation ICAI has not yet provided detailed guidelines on how this rule will be implemented. Until official clarity is given, students should wait for further updates. ICAI’s Post Qualification Course In Information Systems Audit (ISA) Also Updated Besides the CA Final exams, ICAI has also revised the Post Qualification Course in Information Systems Audit (ISA) schedule. ISA is a course for qualified CAs seeking to specialize in IT audits, cybersecurity, and risk management. Major Updates For The ISA Course: New Exam Schedule: February, June, and October (replacing June & December) Who Can Apply? Qualified Chartered Accountants only Why This Change? To cater to the increasing requirement of IT audit professionals in the finance sector The ISA certification enhances the profile of a CA, particularly for those who aspire to work in forensic accounting, IT risk management, and digital finance. How Should Students Adapt To This Change? Since ICAI has now rolled out this significant update, CA aspirants must rework their study strategy and plan as well. 1. Make a More Organized Study Plan As the exam cycle is shorter today, students need to: Revise concepts regularly Practice mock tests and previous year’s papers regularly. Work on time management while studying. 2. Manage Finances For Multiple Attempts Since exam fees and coaching charges will be higher with multiple attempts, students must plan their finances accordingly so that they are not financially strained. 3. Manage Articleship & Exam Preparation Since exams will be conducted regularly, balancing practical training and study will be essential.

Big 4 Vs Medium Firm Articleship: Which One Is Better? The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) regulates the three levels of the Chartered Accountancy curriculum, ie CA-Foundation, CA-Intermediate, and CA-Final. Every CA student has to do articleship after clearing both foundation and intermediate levels.  Only post the completion of articleship, a CA student can appear for CA-Final exams.  The Chartered Accountancy (CA) articleship is a crucial phase in the journey of becoming a CA. One of the biggest dilemmas CA students face is choosing between a Big 4 firm (Deloitte, PwC, EY, and KPMG) or a medium-sized firm for their articleship. Choosing between a Big 4 vs Medium Firm articleship will shape your career path, offering distinct experiences in terms of work exposure, learning opportunities, and professional growth. It provides hands-on experience and exposure to various aspects of finance, taxation, and audit.  1. Work Exposure and Learning Opportunities in Articleship: Big 4 vs Medium Firms Comparison Big 4 Firms: Expertise in particular fields, such as advisory, tax, or audit. Exposure to well-known clients, such as listed businesses and global firms. Advanced work techniques, such as utilising modern technologies and international best practices. Medium Firms: Experience in a variety of practical fields, including accounting, taxation, GST, audit, and ROC (Registrar of Companies) compliance. Direct client contacts, which improves comprehension of how the business is run. Increased participation in decision-making procedures and task completion from start to finish. 2. Stipend and Perks during Articleship in Big 4 vs Medium Firms Big 4 Firms: Usually provide competitive packages and higher stipends/salaries. Extra benefits include professional training sessions, team trips, and travel expenses. Access to international certifications and instructional materials. Medium Firms: Stipends could be competitive, but they might be less than Big 4. A more customised work environment with less rewards. More hands-on learning but less organised training. 3. Flexibility and Mobility in Articleship Roles: Big 4 vs Medium Firms Big 4 Firms: Strict company standards and disciplined work assignments mean less flexibility. Greater probability of interdepartmental transfers and international mobility. Limited control over project selection due to predefined roles and responsibilities. Medium Firms: More flexibility in work schedules and role assignments. More freedom to select the industry and projects to work on. Reduced worldwide travel but increased local exposure to a variety of fields. 4. Personality Development and Communication Skills Gained through Articleship: Big 4 vs Medium Firms Big 4 Firms: Professionalism and business manners are enhanced by exposure to high-profile clients. Engaging with senior management on a regular basis improves negotiation and leadership abilities. Discipline and adaptability are promoted by strict organisational cultures. Medium Firms: Handling clients more directly boosts self-esteem and social skills. Greater responsibility at an early stage leads to faster personal development. Stronger bonds and teamwork are supported in an informal closely linked workplace. Your professional ambitions and interests will determine whether you choose to complete your articleship with a Big 4 or a medium firm. Greater stipends, global exposure, and flexibility are offered by Big 4 firms, whereas more varied exposure and possibly better chances for practical experience and specialisation are offered by smaller firms. A Big 4 firm is a superior choice if you’re looking for a high-paying corporate position with worldwide exposure and specialisation. A medium firm is an excellent option if you intend to launch your own practice, want varied exposure, and desire a healthy work-life balance.

How To Apply For ICAI Certified Copies Or Revaluation For CA Exams (Both Ways) The results of CA exams can sometimes be surprising, leaving students wondering if their answer sheets were evaluated correctly. If you believe there has been a mistake in the marking, you have the option to apply for ICAI Certified Copies and Verification (Revaluation) of Marks. There are two ways to request your ICAI Certified Copies  answer sheets: Through ICAI’s Official Process Using the RTI (Right To Information) Act In this blog, we’ll discuss both methods, their advantages and disadvantages, and a step-by-step guide to help you apply. ICAI Instructions For Verification Of Marks Whether any question has remained unchecked. Totalling error in any question or total marks on the cover page. Discrepancy between step-wise marks & total marks for each question indicated on the cover page. NOTE: Re-evaluation or re-checking is not allowed under ICAI guidelines Instructions For ICAI Certified Copies Through ICAI Portal Scanned copies of students’ evaluated answer sheets are shared for downloading (through email sent). In case the “Inspection” option is selected, students have to visit the ICAI Office for checking papers (not recommended). Before sharing copies with students, ICAI also does verification of marks. Method 1: ICAI’s Official Process For Certified Copies & Verification What is ICAI Certified Copies Process & Verification? ICAI allows students to apply for: Verification Of Marks: This is not a re-evaluation, but ICAI checks for totaling errors, unchecked answers, and discrepancies. Certified Copies: You can request scanned copies of your evaluated answer sheets. Step-By-Step Guide To Apply Via ICAI Visit the ICAI Exam Portal: https://eservices.icai.org/  Login/Register: If you are a first-time user, register using your Student Registration Number (SRN) and other details. Otherwise, log in with your credentials. Select Your Option: Choose either: ‘Verification of Answer Books’ (for revaluation) ‘Certified Copies/Inspection’ (to get a copy of your evaluated answer sheet) Enter Examination Details: Fill in your exam name, roll number, and the subjects you wish to apply for. Upload a Scanned Application: Download the generated application form, sign it, and scan it in PDF format. Upload the scanned copy on the portal. Make the Payment: ₹100 per subject for verification (maximum ₹400 for all papers in a group). ₹500 per paper for certified copies. Payments can be made by net banking or a debit or credit card. Receive Confirmation: After submitting the application, you will receive an acknowledgment. There is no need to send a physical copy to ICAI. Processing Time The verification process usually takes 2-4 weeks, but it can sometimes take longer. Certified copies are provided within 30 days from the date of application. Method 2: Applying For Certified Copies Via RTI The Right to Information (RTI) Act allows students to directly request their answer sheets from ICAI at a much lower cost than the official method. Why Choose RTI Over ICAI’s Process?  Lower Cost: RTI application fee is just ₹10, while ICAI charges ₹500 per subject. Legal Transparency: ICAI is legally bound to provide certified copies under RTI.Response: ICAI must reply within 30 days under the RTI Act. Step-By-Step Guide To Apply Via RTI Step 1: Access the RTI Online Portal Visit the official RTI portal at   Step 2: Submit a New RTI Request Click on “Submit Request” to initiate a new application. Step 3: Agree to Terms and Conditions Read and accept the terms and conditions to proceed. Step 4: Identify the Relevant Public Authority In the “Public Authority” field, enter “Institute of Chartered Accountants of India” and select it from the dropdown list. Step 5: Fill in Applicant Details Provide your personal information, including name, address, contact details, and educational qualifications. Step 6: Specify RTI Request Details In the “Text for RTI Request Application” section, include the following information: To,   The Public Information Officer,   The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India,   ICAI Bhawan, Indraprastha Marg,   New Delhi – 110002   Subject: Request for Certified Copies of Answer Sheets under RTI Act, 2005   Dear Sir/Madam,   I am [Your Name], a CA student with Registration No. [Your Reg. Number]. I appeared for the [Exam Name] in [Month & Year] and request certified copies of my evaluated answer sheets for the following subjects:   [Subject Name – Paper Code]   [Subject Name – Paper Code]   I have enclosed the RTI fee of ₹10 via [ internet banking, credit, or debit card. ]. Kindly provide the requested copies within 30 days as per the RTI Act.   Thank you.   Sincerely,   [Your Name]   [Your Contact Details]   Step 7: Pay the RTI Application Fee The fee is ₹10, payable via: Indian Postal Order (IPO) Demand Draft (DD) Online RTI portal (if available) Step 8: Send Your Application Send the RTI request via Online Application by visiting to the RTI Online Portal. Keep a copy of the application and the postal receipt. Step 9: Wait For he Response ICAI must respond within 30 days as per the RTI Act, 2005. If ICAI does not provide the answer sheets within 30 days, you can: File a First Appeal to the First Appellate Authority (FAA), ICAI. If the FAA does not respond, escalate it to the Central Information Commission (CIC). Which option to choose – Go for verification only in case of objective papers. In case of descriptive papers, always go for certified copies since they already include verification of marks. For certified copies, choose ICAI route when:- > Students also wants to try verification so that marks may be increased > Student wants timely certified copies so that he can use them to prepare for next attempt learning from his mistakes Choose the RTI route for certified copies when the student is in no hurry to see his certified copies and also doesn’t want verification. Many students successfully use RTI to get their answer sheets at a much lower cost than ICAI’s process. If you feel your marks don’t reflect your performance, don’t hesitate to apply! FAQs Frequently Asks Questions How many days will it take to get certified copies from ICAI?  ICAI

CA FINAL COURSE ADMISSION Upon successfully clearing the Intermediate Examination and ICITSS Training, a student must enroll in the Final Course. The CA Final Course is divided into two groups: Group I and Group II. Each group consists of three papers. Registration Procedure ICAI has a centralized Self-Service Portal to streamline the registration process. This portal handles all administrative interactions throughout a student’s journey, including the Intermediate and Final courses, eliminating the need for in-person visits or physical document submissions. Students are required to upload self-attested documents directly through the portal. Candidate has to visit https://www.icai.org/post/students-services to reach the Service Portal for the process. During the CA Final Course registration, students must also register for the Self-Paced Online Modules. The registration form for the CA Final Course includes an option to select subjects under Self-Paced Online Module Sets C and D. No additional fee is required for registering in the Self-Paced Online Modules, which include Sets A, B, C, and D. Upon successful registration, students will receive instructions to order study materials via the Centralized Distribution System Portal,i.e.,https://cds.icai.org/ui/l/ Registration Fees   An eligible student can enroll in the CA Final Course by paying the following fee: Details                                    Rupees (t)        For Foreign Students (US$)        Final Registration Fee       22,000*                           $ 1,000 Students from the Union Territories of Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh, as well as the North-Eastern states, were granted a 75% concession on the CA Final Course Registration Fee (Rs. 5500) for registrations made between September 20, 2019, and March 31, 2022. This concession has now been extended from April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2025, and is also applicable to candidates from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands registering during this period. A 75% concession on the CA Final Course Registration Fee (Rs. 5500) has been granted to the wards of deceased members, effective from April 1, 2022. ADMISSION TO FINAL EXAMINATION Students will be eligible to appear for the Final Examination if: They are enrolled in the CA Final Course. Has completed Practical Training at least six months before the first day of the month in which the examination is scheduled. Has completed the Advanced Integrated Course on Information Technology and Soft Skills (Adv. IT & MCS). Has complete and Passed the Self-Paced Online Modules. 2. Students are required to pay the examination fees as determined by the Council for the Final Examination. 3. The CA Final Course subjects are divided into two groups, each consisting of three papers. Students have the option to study and appear for the examination either group-wise or for both groups simultaneously. Note: Students are encouraged to visit the website www.icai.org regularly to stay informed about any latest updates or developments. REQUIREMENTS FOR PASSING FINAL EXAMINATION A candidate can choose to appear for both groups simultaneously or take one group in one examination and the remaining group in a subsequent examination. The candidate is considered to have passed the Final Examination, if he passes both the groups  A candidate will generally be declared to have passed both groups simultaneously if he:  Achieves at least 40% marks in each paper of both groups and a minimum of 50% marks in the overall aggregate of all papers in each group.                or Obtains at least 40% marks in each paper of both groups in a single attempt and a minimum of 50% marks in the combined aggregate of all papers across both groups. 2.A candidate shall be declared to have passed in a group if he Achieves at least 40% marks in each paper of the group in attempt and a minimum of 50% marks in the overall aggregate of all papers in that group. There is no negative marking for objective-type questions. EXEMPTION A student who attempts all the papers in a Group/Unit and fails in one or more but secures at least 60% marks in any paper(s) of that Group/Unit will be eligible for an exemption in those paper(s) for the next three subsequent examinations. This means that while availing of the exemption, the student must clear the remaining papers within any of the next three attempts. The student will be considered to have passed that Group/Unit if, in a single attempt, they secure at least 40% marks in each paper of the Group/Unit and a minimum of 50% of the total marks across all papers in the Group/Unit, including those for which they previously secured a minimum of 60% marks. No additional exemptions will be granted for the remaining papers in that Group/Unit until the exemptions already provided have been utilized. Suppose a candidate has exhausted the exemption granted under sub-regulation (6) of Regulation 38E and has not cleared the respective Group or Unit. In that case, they may choose to continue the exemption for subsequent examinations. However, in this scenario, the candidate must secure at least 50% marks in each of the remaining papers of that Group or Unit to be declared as having passed the Group or Unit.

The Chartered Accountant Salary in India: An In-Depth Analysis A Chartered Accountant (CA) is one of the most respected and sought-after professions in India. Chartered Accountant Salary packages in India are highly impressive. Known for their expertise in finance, accounting, taxation, and auditing, CAs play a crucial role in the corporate and financial world. Given their vital role, one of the most frequently asked questions about this profession is, “What is the salary of a CA in India?” In this blog, we will break down the Chartered Accountant salary trends in India based on experience, location, and other factors. 1. The Entry-Level Chartered Accountant salary in India For fresh CAs, who have just completed their qualification, the starting salary can vary greatly based on the company, industry, and location. On average, the salary for a new CA can range from ₹6 lakhs to ₹10 lakhs per annum. Factors that affect the entry-level salary: Company Type: Larger, multinational corporations or Big Four accounting firms like Deloitte, KPMG, EY, and PwC tend to offer higher salaries to fresh CAs compared to smaller, regional firms. Location: In urbanite cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, or Gurgaon, the salaries are on the higher end of the spectrum. In contrast, smaller cities and towns may offer slightly lower compensation. Industry: CAs working in sectors like banking, finance, and consulting typically earn higher salaries than those working in public practice or smaller firms. 2. The Mid-Level Chartered Accountant Salary in India As a CA gains experience (typically 3-7 years), their salary sees a significant increase. At this stage, professionals are likely to be promoted to roles such as senior accountant, audit manager, or financial analyst. Mid-level Chartered Accountant salary in India typically ranges from ₹10 lakhs to ₹20 lakhs per annum, depending on their expertise and the organization’s size. Key factors influencing salary at the mid-level: Experience: With 3-5 years of experience, CAs can demand a salary closer to ₹15-20 lakhs, especially if they have specialized skills in tax, audit, or financial advisory. Industry and Job Role: A senior role in a corporate environment or with a global accounting firm will offer a higher salary compared to public practice. 3. The Senior-Level Chartered Accountant Salary in India With 7 or more years of experience, Chartered Accountants usually take up managerial, senior managerial, or even executive roles. These include positions like finance manager, CFO (Chief Financial Officer), senior audit partner, or finance director. Senior-level Chartered Accountant salary in India can range from ₹20 lakhs to ₹50 lakhs per annum, with the potential for even higher earnings in some cases. Salary influencers at the senior level: Leadership Responsibilities: Senior CAs are expected to manage large teams and have a key decision-making role, which contributes to their higher salary. Industry: Professionals in sectors like investment banking, private equity, and corporate finance can earn significantly more than those in traditional accounting firms. Global Exposure: CAs working for multinational corporations or those managing international clients may earn a premium over their domestic counterparts. 4. Highest Earning Potential for a CA in India At the peak of their career, a CA can rise to executive-level positions, including CFO (Chief Financial Officer), Finance Director, or Partner in an accounting firm. In these roles, salaries can rise beyond ₹50 lakhs per annum, and in some cases, even surpass ₹1 crore annually, especially if there are profit-sharing arrangements or equity stakes involved. 5. Factors Influencing Chartered Accountant Salaries in India While experience, company size, and location play a major role, several other factors also influence the overall Chartered Accountant salary and earning potential: Specialization: CAs with expertise in high-demand areas such as International Taxation, Forensic Accounting, or Risk Management may command higher salaries. Certifications and Additional Qualifications: Pursuing additional qualifications like a CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst), CPA (Certified Public Accountant), or an MBA in Finance can further boost earning potential. Industry Trends: As businesses evolve and regulatory frameworks change, areas like GST (Goods and Services Tax) and IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) are increasingly important. CAs who specialize in these fields may earn higher salaries. Additional Perks and Benefits for CAs Apart from a competitive Chartered Accountant salary, many CAs also enjoy additional perks, such as: Annual Bonuses: Most companies offer performance-linked bonuses, which can substantially increase total earnings. Stock Options: Some CAs working in startups or large corporations may be offered stock options as part of their compensation. Health Insurance and Retirement Benefits: Comprehensive health insurance, life insurance, and retirement benefits like provident fund (PF) and gratuity are common perks in large organizations. 6. The Role of the CA in the Indian Economy India’s growing economy, coupled with the expanding corporate sector, has made the demand for skilled Chartered Accountants even more critical. Whether it’s advising on mergers and acquisitions, managing financial risks, or ensuring compliance with the latest tax laws, the role of a CA is indispensable. Additionally, the rise of digitalization, automation, and artificial intelligence is opening new avenues for CAs, such as financial analytics, blockchain technology, and cyber risk management, which can potentially lead to even higher salaries. Conclusion The Chartered Accountant salary in India varies based on experience, location, industry, and specialization. As one advances in their career, the potential for higher compensation increases significantly. For those entering the profession, the rewards are certainly worth the hard work and dedication required to pass the rigorous CA exams. The future looks bright for CAs in India, with increasing demand for financial expertise and evolving economic landscapes. Whether you’re just starting out or are already an experienced professional, pursuing a career as a Chartered Accountant offers not only job stability but also the potential for a lucrative salary.

SPOM Syllabus: Strengthen Your Learning Path Subjects SET A Corporate and Economic Laws (Mandatory) (100 Marks) SET B Strategic Cost and Performance Management (Mandatory) (100 Marks) SET C Elective (100 Marks)  (Opt for any one of the below options ) Management of Risk Sustainable Development and Sustainability Reporting  Government Accounting and Public Finance The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 2016 International Taxation The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 Forensic Accounting Valuation Financial Services and Capital Markets Forex and Treasury Management SET D Towards developing inherent traits of CA Students and incorporating Multidisciplinary approach envisaged in NEP,2020 (Opt for any one of the below options)   The Constitution of India & Art of Advocacy Psychology and Philosophy Entrepreneurship and Start-up Ecosystem Digital Ecosystem and Controls A student is required to complete online learning in Corporate and Economic Laws [SET A] and Strategic Cost and Performance Management [SET B] as mandatory modules. Additionally, the student must select one module from both SET C and SET D. SPOM Syllabus The syllabus of each subject contains an objective statement and contents. In SET A Corporate and Economic Laws and SET B Strategic Cost and Performance Management, students are expected to acquire expert knowledge. Working knowledge is expected for Self-Paced Online Modules (SPOM) opted in SETS C and D.  SET C offers ten electives, from which a student can select one according to their area of interest. Aligned with the vision of the National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP, 2020), which advocates for a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to education that nurtures intellectual, aesthetic, social, physical, emotional, and moral growth in an integrated manner, students are required to choose one of four options: The Constitution of India & Art of Advocacy, Psychology & Philosophy, Entrepreneurship & Start-Up Ecosystem, and Digital Ecosystem & Controls. This would facilitate high-quality, holistic and multidisciplinary education through online learning, emphasizing “how to think” over “what to think”. These creative combinations of disciplines foster cross-disciplinary thinking among students, enabling them to apply innovative reasoning to real-life challenges they may face in their professional practice or employment after qualifying as Chartered Accountants. About Examination The assessment will be conducted online using multiple-choice questions. For SETS A and B, the questions will be scenario-based, requiring expert knowledge. These will assess a range of skills, including knowledge and comprehension, application and analysis, as well as evaluation and synthesis. For SETS C and D, the assessment will include a mix of independent MCQs and scenario-based MCQs, focusing on working knowledge. These will evaluate knowledge and comprehension, as well as application and analysis. The specific details are currently being finalized and will be shared with the students once ready. Requirement for passing Self-Paced Online Modules (SPOM) Passing Criteria for Self-Paced Online Modules (SPOM): To be eligible for the Final Examination, students must complete the online modules (SETS) by achieving a minimum score of 50% in each module. There is no limit on the number of attempts allowed. Students may also change their chosen subjects for SET C and SET D, if desired. The scores obtained in these Self-Paced Online Modules (SPOM) will not be combined with the marks from core papers for overall assessment purposes. SYLLABUS : SET A PAPER : CORPORATE AND ECONOMIC LAWS (100 MARKS) PART I : CORPORATE LAWS (70 MARKS)       – SECTION A : COMPANY LAW (50 MARKS) Objective To develop the skill to analyze, interpret, and apply the provisions of Company Law in real-world scenarios. Contents The Companies Act, 2013, and the Rules established under it, with a specific focus on the provisions governing the following topics: Director Appointments and Qualifications Managerial Personnel: Appointment and Remuneration Board Meetings and Their Powers Inspection, Investigation, and Inquiry Compromises, Arrangement, and Amalgamations Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement Winding Up Miscellaneous Provisions Adjudication, Special Courts, and the National Company Law Tribunal e- Filing      – SECTION B : SECURITIES LAWS    (20 MARKS) Objective To acquire the ability to analyze the significant provisions of the SEBI Act. Contents An Overview of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992, with references to the following Regulations: SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015 SEBI (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2018 SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 2011 SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 2015 PART II : ECONOMIC LAWS (30 MARKS) Objective To acquire the ability to analyze the essential provisions of specific Economic Laws. Contents The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 and  significant Rules and Regulations: An Introduction, Broad Structure of FEMA , Definitions, Regulation and Management of Foreign Exchange, Brief of Contraventions and Penalties, and Miscellaneous Provisions. The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, 2010 and its Regulations: Definitions, Regulation of Foreign Contributions, and Miscellaneous Provisions. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016,and significant Rules and Regulations : Key concepts covered up to Section 33 of the Code. Note: If new laws are introduced to replace existing ones, the syllabus will incorporate the relevant provisions of these new legislations, effective from the date notified by the Institute.  The specific inclusions/exclusions in the various topics covered in the syllabus will be affected every year by way of study guidelines, if any. SYLLABUS : SET B PAPER : STRATEGIC COST & PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT (100 MARKS) Objective To develop the ability to apply various cost management techniques for planning and controlling performance, to set, monitor, and manage strategic objectives. To enhance skills in analysis, synthesis, and evaluation in cost management, to address challenges and issues that may impact or influence performance management within organizations. PART A : STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT 1. An Introduction to Strategic Cost Management      i.  Managing Cost Strategically: Managing Strategic Cost , Limitations of Traditional Cost Management, and Traditional vs.                   Strategic Cost Management.      ii.  Organisational Context: Achieving Competitive Advantage, Value Proposition, and Osterwalder’s Business Model Canvas.      iii.  External Environment Context: Industry Profitability, Basis of Competition, Key Success Factors in the Industry, and Understanding

Self-Paced Online Modules About Self-Paced Online Modules In today’s rapidly evolving economic landscape, the Institute must adopt a fresh strategy for enhancing, updating, and delivering professional accountancy education and training. The development of chartered accountants should prioritize critical thinking, interdisciplinary approaches, research, and innovation. Accordingly, four self-paced online modules [SETS A, B, C, and D], covering various fields, have been introduced under the ICAI Scheme of Education and Training (New Scheme 2023). As the name suggests, students can learn and complete these modules at their own pace after passing the Intermediate-level Examination. SET A and SET B would comprise mandatory online modules, namely, Corporate and Economic Laws and Strategic Cost and Performance Management, respectively. SET C and SET D would comprise online modules, where a basket of options would be made available to a student, and he can choose one under each set from the options available to him. Manner Of learning The learning modules/study materials for the Self-Paced Online Modules will be provided to the students in e-Books. In the case of SET A and SET B, physical copies would also be provided to students. Besides e-books, video lectures of industry experts with rich practical exposure in the relevant subject area will be made available to the students through the Digital Learning Hub (DLH). The learning through these video lectures can be monitored through DLH itself. Students would be required to complete the minimum prescribed learning hours for each self-paced online module they opt for. Special sessions would also be organized periodically to address the queries of students. Registration Process After clearing the Intermediate Examination, students must register for the Final Course. During this registration process, they are also required to enroll in the Self-Paced Online Module. The Final Course registration form includes an option to select subjects from Set C and Set D of the Self-Paced Online Module. No additional fees are charged for registering for the Self-Paced Online Modules, which comprise Sets A, B, C, and D. Visite this official site: https://www.icai.org/ Subjects: SET A: Corporate and Economic Laws (100 Marks) SET B: Strategic Cost and Performance Management (100 Marks) SET C: Elective (100 Marks) (Any one of the following subjects needs to be opted) Risk Management Sustainable Development and Sustainability Reporting Public Finance and Government Accounting The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 International Taxation The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 Forensic Accounting Valuation Financial Services and Capital Markets Forex and Treasury Management SET D: Towards Developing Inherent Traits of CA Students and Incorporating Multidisciplinary Approach envisaged in NEP, 2020 (100 Marks) (Any one of the following subjects needs to be opted) The Constitution of India & Art of Advocacy Psychology & Philosophy Entrepreneurship & Start-up Ecosystem Digital Ecosystem and Controls A student is required to complete online learning in Corporate and Economic Laws [SET A] and Strategic Cost and Performance Management [SET B] as mandatory modules. Additionally, the student must select one module from both SET C and SET D. Syllabus: Each subject’s syllabus includes an objective statement and content details. In SET A (Corporate and Economic Laws) and SET B (Strategic Cost and Performance Management), students are expected to gain expert-level knowledge. Working Knowledge is expected for the Self-Paced Online Modules selected in SET C and SET D SET C offers ten elective options, from which a student can select one based on their interest. In alignment with the National Education Policy (NEP, 2020), which emphasizes a more holistic and multi-disciplinary approach to education, students are required to choose one of the following four options: The Constitution of India & Art of Advocacy; Psychology & Philosophy; Entrepreneurship & Start-Up Ecosystem; or Digital Ecosystem & Controls. This will support the development of intellectual, aesthetic, social, physical, emotional, and moral capacities in an integrated way. The focus is on fostering high-quality, online, holistic education that prioritizes “how to think” over “what to think.” These creative combinations of disciplines will encourage cross-disciplinary thinking among students, fostering innovative problem-solving skills for the real-life challenges they will face in their professional careers or employment after qualifying as chartered accountants. About Examination The assessment will be conducted online through multiple-choice questions, with case scenario-based questions for SETS A and B. For subjects in SETS C and D, the assessment will consist of both independent MCQs and case scenario-based MCQs. Expert knowledge is required for SETS A and B, where the evaluation will cover all skills, including knowledge and comprehension, application and analysis, as well as evaluation and synthesis. In SETS C and D, working knowledge is expected, and the assessment will focus on knowledge and comprehension, along with application and analysis. The detailed procedures are currently being developed and will be communicated to the students soon. Requirement For Passing Self-Paced Online Modules To be eligible for the Final Examination, a student must complete these online modules (SETS). The minimum passing mark for each module is 50%. There is no limit to the number of attempts allowed. Students are also permitted to change their selected subjects in SET C and SET D. The marks earned in the Self-Paced Online Modules will be considered separately and will not be combined with the marks from core papers for assessment purposes. FAQs Frequently Asks Questions What is a self-paced online module in CA? Self-Paced Online Module is a course which a student can learn and qualify at his/her own pace after registering for Final Course. Four self-paced online modules [SET A, SET B, SET C and SET D] encompassing different fields have been introduced in the New Scheme of Education and Training. How to apply for self-paced module test? At the time of registration of Final Course, students would also be registering for Self-Paced Online Modules. The form for Final Course registration will have the option for selecting the subjects under Self-Paced Online Modules SET C and SET D. No separate fee is payable for registration of Self-Paced Online Modules. What is the passing marks for spom? A student is declared to have qualified a

CA Intermediate Subjects Candidates can join the CA-Intermediate course either by clearing the Foundation level or through the Direct Entry route, which is available to graduates/postgraduates with the required marks or those who have cleared the CMA or CS Intermediate exams. The CA Intermediate Subjects divided into Two Groups, Six Papers Group I 1. Advanced Accounting                         (100 marks) 2. Corporate & Other laws                     (100 marks) 3. Taxation                    – Section A – Income-Tax law        (50 marks)         – Section B – Indirect Taxes           (50 marks)  Group II 4. Cost & Management Accounting      (100 marks) 5. Auditing & Ethics                                 (100 marks) 6A. Financial Management                    (50 marks) 6B. Strategic Management                     (50 marks) PAPER 1: ADVANCED ACCOUNTING (100 MARKS) Objective CA Intermediate subjects aim to develop the skills to apply relevant accounting standards and regulations to various transactions and events and prepare and present financial statements for diverse business entities. Contents 1. The process of developing Accounting Standards, including Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) aligned with IFRS, and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS); a comparison between convergence and adoption; and an understanding of the objectives and principles behind carve-outs.  2. The framework for preparing and presenting financial statements by Accounting Standards. 3. (i) The relevance and application of Accounting Standards across different types of entities.      (ii) Implementation of Accounting Standards: Accounting Standard 1 – Disclosure of Accounting Policies Accounting Standard 2 – Inventory Valuation Accounting Standard 3 – Statement of Cash Flows Accounting Standard 4 – Uncertainties and Events Arising After the Balance Sheet Date Accounting Standard 5 – Net profit or loss for the period, adjustments from prior periods, and modifications to accounting policies. Accounting Standard 7 – Accounting for Construction Contracts Accounting Standard 9 – Recognition of Revenue Accounting Standard 10 –  Fixed Assets: Property, Plant, and Equipment Accounting Standard 11 –  Impact of Foreign Exchange Rate Fluctuations Accounting Standard 12 – Recording and Reporting of Government Grants Accounting Standard 13 –  Accounting For Investments Accounting Standard 14 –  Amalgamation Accounting (Excluding Inter-Company Holdings) Accounting Standard 15 –  Accounting for Employee Benefits Accounting Standard 16 –  Accounting for Borrowing Costs Accounting Standard 17 –  Reporting by Business Segments Accounting Standard 18 –  Disclosure of Related Party Transactions Accounting Standard 19 – Accounting for Leases Accounting Standard 20 – Calculation of Earnings Per Share (EPS) Accounting Standard 21 – Consolidated Financial Statements of a Single Subsidiary (Excluding Issues Related to Acquisition of Interest at Different Dates, Cross-Holding, Disposal of Subsidiary, and Foreign Subsidiaries) Accounting Standard 22 – Accounting For Taxes Accounting Standard 23 – Accounting for investments in associates as part of consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standard 24 – Handling discontinued operations. Accounting Standard 25 – Reporting of Interim Financial Statements Accounting Standard 26 – Accounting for Intangible Assets Accounting Standard 27 – Accounting for Interests in Joint Ventures Accounting Standard 28 – Accounting for Asset Impairment Accounting Standard 29 – Accounting for Provisions, Contingent Liabilities, and Contingent Assets 4. Accounting for Companies as covered in CA Intermediate subjects (i) Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013 (ii) Preparation of Financial Statements – Income Statement, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow Statement (iii) Repurchase of Shares or Securities (iv) Accounting for Company Reconstruction 5. Accounting for Branches, including International Branches, as taught in CA Intermediate subjects PAPER 2: CORPORATE AND OTHER LAWS (100 MARKS) PART I– COMPANY LAW AND LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP LAW (70 MARKS) Objective To gain a thorough understanding of legal provisions and develop the ability to analyze and apply these laws in real-world scenarios, as emphasized in CA Intermediate subjects. Contents I   The Companies Act, 2013: Covering key regulations and the drafting of notices, resolutions, and other related documents, as part of the ca intermediate subjects . 1. Introduction to Preliminary Matters 2. Company Incorporation and Related Matters 3. Issuance of Prospectus and Allocation of Securities 4. Equity Capital and Debentures 5. Company’s Acceptance of Deposits 6. Charge Registration 7. Corporate Management and Administration 8. Dividend Declaration and Distribution 9. Financial Statements of Companies 10. Auditing and the Role of Auditors 11. Companies Established Outside India II  The Limited Liability Partnership ACT, 2008,  Along With Key Regulations PART II- OTHER LAWS (30 MARKS) Objective 1. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the General Clauses Act, as covered in CA Intermediate subjects. 2. To gain a thorough understanding of the principles and rules for interpreting statutes. 3. To acquire a fundamental understanding of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999. Contents 1. The General Clauses Act, 1897: Key Definitions, Scope and Applicability, General Interpretation Rules, Powers and Authorities, Provisions Relating to Orders, Rules, and Other Enactments, along with Miscellaneous Provisions. 2. Interpretation of Statutes: Principles and Rules for Statutory Interpretation, Tools for Interpretation, and Guidelines for Interpreting Deeds and Documents. 3. The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999: Key Definitions and Concepts Related to Current and Capital Account Transactions. PAPER 3: TAXATION (100 MARKS) SECTION A: INCOME TAX LAW (50 MARKS) Objective 1. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the provisions under income tax law. 2. CA Intermediate subjects taxation aim to develop the ability to apply these provisions in solving problems and addressing practical, real-world issues. Contents 1. Basic concepts:   – Introduction to Income Tax Law   – Key concepts in income tax law, including terms such as person, assessee, previous year, assessment year, income, and agricultural income.   – Foundation of the Tax Liability   – Procedure for calculating total income and determining the tax payable for individuals. 2. CA Intermediate subjects cover residential status and the calculation of total income:  

ICAI New Scheme 2024 Introduction To ICAI New Scheme The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has introduced the ICAI New Scheme 2024, effective from 1st July 2023, as notified in the Gazette of India on 22nd June 2023. This scheme significantly revamps the Chartered Accountancy (CA) course, impacting all three levels: CA Foundation, CA Intermediate, and CA Final—bringing changes to the syllabus, registration validity, and passing criteria. The curriculum has been streamlined with fewer subjects, shifting the focus to case studies and business scenarios for practical, real-world learning. The revised structure emphasizes skill development through updated practical training duration and industry-relevant applications. Enhanced eligibility criteria further simplify progression through the course, ensuring better alignment with evolving industry needs. The icai new scheme equips aspiring Chartered Accountants with essential knowledge and practical expertise to excel in today’s dynamic business environment. ICAI New Scheme 2024: Latest Updates The New Scheme 2024 introduces major changes, including the consolidation and removal of several papers across all levels. Notably, the CA articleship duration is reduced from 3 years to 2 years, enabling quicker qualification as a Chartered Accountant. Key updates include revised eligibility criteria, registration validity, syllabus structure, subjects, exam patterns, passing requirements, exemptions, and rules for training leaves and discontinuation. For a detailed overview, refer to the latest ICAI New Scheme 2024 Updates given in below table:  New Scheme                                                    Latest Update On ICAI  ICAI CA Course Level New Scheme Changes CA Foundation        4 Subjects From 6 Subjects CA Intermediate    6 Papers (3 In Each Group) CA Articleship     The period has been shortened from 3 years to 2 years. CA Final       6 Papers (3 In Each Group)   The ICAI New Scheme 2024 For Education and Training. The CA Course under ICAI New Scheme 2024 has shortened the overall duration, providing a faster path to qualification while maintaining rigorous training and education standards.  Understanding the updated timeline is crucial for grasping the revised course structure and requirements.  The ICAI 2024 Education & Training New Scheme ICAI CA Course Level Current Proposed CA Foundation Registration/ Appear 10 + 2 Start Start CA Foundation Study Period 4 Months 4 Months CA Intermediate Study Period 8 Months 8 Months CA Articleship 36 Months 24 Months CA Final Study Period – 6 Months Total CA Course Duration 48 Months 42 Months Work Experience for CoP – 12 Months Benefits Of ICAI New Scheme Of Education & Training, 2024 The ICAI New Scheme opens up several doors to students who wish to become future Chartered Accountants. Reduced subjects for better clarity, laid emphasis on practical learning so that students can be job-ready, and lowered eligibility criteria make the path to becoming CA, more formal and less complex. ICAI New Scheme Of Education: Old Scheme v/s New Scheme ICAI Old Scheme: Registration for Foundation / Appear for 10+2: Students can register for the CA Foundation course after completing Class 10+2 examinations or its equivalent. Take the CA Foundation Exam: After a 4-month of study period, candidates are eligible for the CA Foundation exam. Study period for the Intermediate Exam: Once students pass the Foundation level, they can start studying for the CA Intermediate exam, which generally requires an 8-months study period. Articleship Training: Following the Intermediate exam, students enter a 3-year Articleship period, gaining practical experience under the mentorship of a qualified Chartered Accountant. Study for the Final Exam: After commencing their Articleship, candidates can begin studying for the CA Final examination. Total Time to Achieve ICAI Membership: The complete journey to becoming a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) spans around 48 months. ICAI New Scheme: Registration for Foundation: Similar to the current scheme, students can register for the CA Foundation course after completing Class 10+2 examinations or its equivalent. Take the Foundation Exam: After a 4-month study period, candidates are eligible for the CA Foundation examination. Study for Intermediate Examination: Following the current scheme, students can start studying for the CA Intermediate exam, which generally requires an 8-months study period. Articleship: One of the key changes in the new scheme is the shortened articleship period. Upon passing the Intermediate Exam, students are now required to complete a 2-year articleship instead of the previous 3-year. Study for Final Examination: Following the articleship period, students can begin preparing for the CA Final examination, which currently requires 6 months of study. Total Period to Become ICAI Member: Considering the revised articleship duration and the reduced study period for the Final exam, the overall time needed to become an ICAI member under the new scheme is around 42 months. Optional Business Accounting Certificate The new CA curriculum offers an optional Business Accounting Certificate for students after passing the CA Intermediate Exam, combining self-learning modules and professional training, including the Integrated Course on Information Technology and Soft Skills (ICITSS) program. ICAI New Scheme: The updated scheme reduces the time to qualify as a Chartered Accountant, streamlining the process while maintaining education quality and practical training standards. These changes reflect ICAI commitment to aligning with global benchmarks and equipping future CAs for successful professional careers. CA Foundation New Syllabus 2024 Currently, the new CA Foundation syllabus includes 6 subjects and 4 papers. However, under the new scheme, ICAI New scheme has eliminated 2 subjects (i.e., Business Correspondence & Reporting (+) Business & Commercial Knowledge). Subjects In CA Foundation’s New Syllabus 2024: Paper 1: Accounting (100 marks)                                                                                                      Paper 2: Business Laws (100 marks)                                                                                Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude (100 marks)                  Business Mathematics  Logical reasoning Statistics  Paper 4: Business

How To Register CA-Intermediate Course By Yourself Candidates can register CA-Intermediate Course through two entry routes: After Qualifying Foundation Course; or Direct Entry Route (Candidates may gain eligibility for Direct Entry through graduation or post-graduation with the required percentage qualifications, or by passing the Intermediate Level exams of the Institute of Cost Accountants of India The Institute of Cost Accountants of India, or the Institute of Company Secretaries of India, both of which offer professional certifications in their respective fields). DIRECT ENTRY ROUTE ICAI permits direct entry into its Intermediate Course for the following candidates: Commerce graduates or postgraduates with a minimum of 55% marks, and graduates or postgraduates from non-commerce backgrounds with at least 60% marks can register CA-Intermediate Course. Candidates who have cleared the Intermediate Level examination conducted by The Institute of Company Secretaries of India or The Institute of Cost Accountants of India. Provisional Registration Students in the final year of their graduation or post-graduation program are eligible to register CA Intermediate Course. This registration will be confirmed only upon submitting proof of successful completion of their degree with the required minimum marks, as specified. Should a candidate fail to meet the required marks before applying for the CA-Intermediate Examination, their provisional registration will be cancelled, and no credit will be given for any theoretical coursework completed. Additionally, candidates unable to provide satisfactory proof may apply to the Council for a refund of registration and tuition fees, subject to the Council’s refund policy at the time. Conversion To Direct Entry Route Students enrolled in the Common Proficiency Course (CPC) or Foundation Course who meet the eligibility criteria for the Direct Entry Route can register CA Intermediate Course at any time by paying the Intermediate Registration fee. Similarly, existing Intermediate Course students who joined through the CPT/Foundation Course pathway and now qualify for the Direct Entry Route can apply to convert their registration to the CA-Intermediate Course through the Direct Entry Route. Registration Procedure ICAI offers a centralized Self-Service Portal to streamline the registration process. Through this portal, students can handle all administrative tasks related to Intermediate and Final courses, eliminating the need for in-person visits or physical document submissions. Students simply upload self-attested documents online at ICAI Student Services. Direct Entry students can also register CA-Intermediate Course by completing the Online Registration Form available on the page under the “Entry level forms [Foundation and Intermediate (Direct Entry)]” section. Students who initially joined through the Foundation route can convert to the Direct Entry route by logging into the Self-Service Portal and following the conversion steps. After registration, students may order their study materials through the Centralized Distribution System (CDS) Portal at icai-cds.org. Registration Fees Registration Including Various charges Both Groups (Rs) Both Groups (US$) Registration Fee 15,000*   Students’ Activities Fee 2,000   Registration fee as articled assistant 1,000   Total Fees 18,000 $ 1,000 *To be paid once Students hailing from the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, the North-Eastern states, as well as the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, are entitled to a 75% concession on the CA-Intermediate Course fees. (Rs. 4500). Originally offered for registrations between September 20, 2019, and March 31, 2022, this concession has now been extended from April 1, 2022, through March 31, 2025. Starting April 1, 2022, wards of deceased members are eligible for a 75% concession on the CA-Intermediate Course Registration Fee (Rs. 4500). Register For CA-Intermediate Examination (Filing Of Examination Form): A student shall be admitted to CA-Intermediate Examination if: He is enrolled in the CA-Intermediate Course; and He provides a certificate confirming that he has completed a study course of no less than eight months by the first day of the respective month in which the examination is held. Students are required to pay the examination fees as determined by the Council for the CA-Intermediate Examination. The CA-Intermediate Course syllabus is organized into two groups, each consisting of three papers. Students have the flexibility to study and take the examinations either one group at a time or both groups together. Note: Students are encouraged to regularly check the official website, www.icai.org, to stay informed about the latest updates and announcements. Requirements For Passing CA-Intermediate Examination: A student has the option to appear for both groups simultaneously or take one group in one exam and the other group in a subsequent exam. To successfully pass the CA-Intermediate examination, the student must clear both groups. A student will typically be considered to have passed both Groups at the same time if they: In one sitting, achieve at least 40% marks in each paper of both Group I and Group II, along with a minimum of 50% in the overall aggregate of all papers in each individual group; or In a single sitting, obtains at least 40% marks in each paper of both Group I and Group II, and a minimum of 50% in the combined aggregate of all papers across both the groups.

The CA Foundation Course is the gateway to becoming a Chartered Accountant, comprising four papers: Accounting, Business Laws, Quantitative Aptitude, and Business Economics. These cover fundamental concepts in financial reporting, legal frameworks, mathematical tools, and economic theories. Mastery of these papers ensures a strong foundation for advanced studies in the CA curriculum

The CA Foundation is the entry-level examination in your journey to becoming a Chartered Accountant. Registration is streamlined via ICAI’s centralized portal, requiring an OTP-based process and document uploads. The curriculum includes four papers: Accounting, Business Laws, Quantitative Aptitude, and Business Economics, blending theoretical and application-based knowledge

A Chartered Accountant (CA) is a certified expert in financial management, auditing, taxation, and advisory services, essential for guiding businesses in accurate financial reporting. To start your CA journey, choose between two pathways: the Foundation Route (after Class XII) or Direct Entry (for graduates and professionals). Both routes require a combination of rigorous exams, theoretical education, and practical training under ICAI, culminating in membership upon qualification.

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) is a statutory body established under the Chartered Accountants Act of 1949, tasked with regulating the Chartered Accountancy profession in India. Renowned globally, ICAI offers courses like the CA program, post-qualification diplomas, and specialized certificate programs, focusing on areas like international taxation, forensic accounting, GST, and risk management, fostering excellence in financial and corporate governance.

CA Inter Taxation is a key subject in the CA Intermediate course, focusing on Direct and Indirect Taxes like Income Tax and GST. Success requires a strategic approach, including ICAI study materials, reference books by renowned authors, practice papers, and concise revision notes. Consistent preparation with these resources will build a strong foundation for exams and a career in finance.